Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Volume 105, Issue 7 , Pages 530-535, 2006

Effects of Different Contrast Media on Glutathione Peroxidase and Superoxide Dismutase Activities in the Heart and Kidneys of Normal and Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

  • Hsiang-Chun Lee

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Hsueh-Wei Yen

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
    • ,
  • Sheng-Hsiung Sheu

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
    • Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Dr Sheng-Hsiung Sheu, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan

Received 26 September 2005; received in revised form 24 October 2005; accepted 6 December 2005.

Article Outline

Background/Purpose

Hemodynamic changes and contrast nephropathy are well known complications of contrast media injection. However, the mechanisms of toxicity leading to these complications remain unclear. We hypothesized that contrast media toxicity would manifest as a change in antioxidant enzyme activity, thus leading to tissue damage.

Methods

This study investigated the effects of injection of ionic high-osmolar diatrizoate, ionic low-osmolar ioxaglate, and nonionic low-osmolar iopromide on the activities of two antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), in the heart and kidney tissue of normal male Wistar rats (n = 51) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (n= 54). Activities of GPX and SOD were assayed spectrophotometrically.

Results

Renal GPX activities were significantly decreased in both normal (458.3 ± 64.6 to 385.5 ± 63.4 mU/mg, p = 0.005) and diabetic rats (669.0 ± 98.1 vs. 564.0 ± 153.3 mU/mg, p = 0.035) at 1 hour after dia-trizoate injection. Renal SOD activities were not affected after contrast injection. Ioxaglate and iopromide injection did not cause any change in renal antioxidant enzyme activity. In contrast to kidney tissue, there was no significant change in GPX and SOD activities in heart tissue at 1 hour after injection of different contrast media.

Conclusion

Intravenous injection of ionic high-osmolar diatrizoate reduced renal GPX activity during the first hour in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Heart tissue was not prone to antioxidant enzyme activity changes after intravenous contrast media injection. GPX activity reduction can be an important mechanism of nephrotoxicity after contrast media injection.

Key Words:  antioxidant enzyme , contrast media , contrast nephropathy , reactive oxygen species , streptozotocin

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PII: S0929-6646(09)60146-7

doi:10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60146-7

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Volume 105, Issue 7 , Pages 530-535, 2006

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