Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Volume 106, Issue 6 , Pages 467-474 , 2007

Gender Difference in the Clinical and Behavioral Characteristics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Injection Drug Users in Taiwan

  • Shu-Hsing Cheng

      Affiliations

    • Yangmei Township Public Health Center, Public Health Bureau, Taoyuan County Government, Taoyuan
  • ,
  • Shu-Chuan Chiang

      Affiliations

    • Taoyuan Mental Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan
  • ,
  • Yu-Lin Hsieh

      Affiliations

    • Taoyuan Mental Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan
  • ,
  • Yuan-Ying Chang

      Affiliations

    • Tzu-Li Clinic, Taoyuan
  • ,
  • Yun-Ru Liu

      Affiliations

    • Division of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei, Taiwan
  • ,
  • Fang-Yeh Chu

      Affiliations

    • Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Pan-Chiao, Taipei, Taiwan
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence to: Dr Fang-Yeh Chu, Department of Clinical Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, 21, Section 2, Nan-Ya South Road, Pan-Chiao, Taipei 220, Taiwan

Received 27 March 2006 ,Revised 26 June 2006 ,Accepted 13 March 2007.

References 

  1. Aceijas C , Stimson GV , Hickman M , et al.   Global overview of injecting drug use and HIV infection among injecting drug users . AIDS . 2004;18:2295–2303
  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  . HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report . Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1999;
  3. UNAIDS  . Reports on the Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic . Geneva: UNAIDS and World Health Organization (WHO).; 2005;
  4. Center for Disease Control, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan  . Statistics of Communicable Diseases and Surveillance Reports in Taiwan Area . Taipei: Center for Disease Control, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Taiwan.; December 2005;
  5. Nelson KE , Galai N , Safaeian M , et al.   Temporal trends in the incidence of human immunodeficiency virus infection and risk behavior among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland, 1988-1998 . Am J Epidemiol . 2002;156:641–653
  6. Rosengard C , Anderson B , Stein MD . Intravenous drug users' HIV-risk behaviors with primary/other partners . Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse . 2004;30:225–236
  7. Kral AH , Bluthenthal RN , Lorvick J , et al.   Sexual transmission of HIV-1 among injecting drug users in San Francisco, USA: risk factor analysis . Lancet . 2001;357:1397–1401
  8. US Department of Justice  . HIV in Prison and Jails, NCJ 187456 . Washington DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.; 1999;
  9. Ministry of Justice, Executive Yuan, Taiwan. Justice Statistics, September 2005. Available from http://www.moj.gov.tw [Date accessed: March 27, 2006]
  10. Strathdee SA , Galai N , Safaiean M , et al.   Sex differences in risk factors for HIV seroconversion among injection drug users: a 10 year perspective . Arch Intern Med. . 2001;161:1281–1288
  11. Phillips A , CASCADE collaboration  . Short-term risk of AIDS according to current CD4 cell count and viral load in anti-retroviral drug-naïve individuals and those treated in the monotherapy era . AIDS . 2004;18:51–58
  12. Chang CJ , Lin CH , Lee CT , et al.   Hepatitis C virus infection among short-term intravenous drug users in southern Taiwan . Eur J Epidemiol . 1999;15:597–601
  13. Chu FY, Cheng SH, Chiang SC. The rising challenge: high-prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections in illicit drug users. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Annual Meeting of the Taiwan Society of Clinical Pathologist, 2005, Taipei, Taiwan. [Abstract]
  14. Chen DS , Sung JL . Hepatitis B virus infection and chronic liver disease in Taiwan . Acta Hepatogastroenterol . 1978;25:423–430
  15. Stevens CE , Beasley RP , Tsui J , et al.   Vertical transmission of hepatitis B antigen in Taiwan . N Engl J Med. . 1975;292:771–774
  16. Des Jarlais DC , Marmor M , Paone D , et al.   HIV incidence among injecting drug users in New York City syringe-exchange programs . Lancet . 1996;348:987–991
  17. Watters JK , Estilo MJ , Clark GL , et al.   Syringe and needle exchange as HIV/AIDS prevention for injecting drug users . JAMA . 1994;271:115–120
  18. Metzger DS , Woody GE , McLellan AT , et al.   Human immunodeficiency virus seroconversion among intravenous drug users in- and out-of-treatment: an 18-month prospective follow-up . J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr . 1993;6:1049–1056
  19. Faupel CE , Klockars CB . Drugs-crime connections: elaboration from the life histories of hard-core heroin addiction . Soc Probl . 1987;34:54–68
  20. Ennett ST , Tobler NS , Ringwalt CL , et al.   How effective is drug abuse resistance education? A meta-analysis of project DARE outcome evaluations . Am J Public Health . 1994;84:1394–1401
  21. Clayton RR , Cattarello AM , Johnstone BM . The effectiveness of Drug Abuse Resistance Education (project DARE): 5-year follow-up results . Prev Med. . 1996;25:307–318
  22. Latkin CA , Mandell W , Knowlton AR , et al.   Gender differences in injection-related behaviors among injection drug users in Baltimore, Maryland . AIDS Educ Prev . 1998;10:257–263
  23. Needle R , Fisher DG , Weatherby NL , et al.   Reliability of self-reported HIV risk behavior of drug users . Psychol Addictive Behav . 1999;9:242–250
  24. Marsch LA . The efficacy of methadone maintenance interventions in reducing illicit opiate use, HIV risk behavior and criminality: a meta-analysis . Addiction . 1998;93:515–532

PII: S0929-6646(09)60296-5

doi: 10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60296-5

Journal of the Formosan Medical Association
Volume 106, Issue 6 , Pages 467-474 , 2007