Original article
Is preoperative brain midline shift a determinant factor for neurological improvement after cranioplasty?

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2013.09.008Get rights and content
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Background/Purpose

In patients with traumatic brain injury, the degree of brain midline shift is related to prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the presence of a preoperative brain midline shift on the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and muscle power (MP) improvement after cranioplasty.

Methods

In this 6-year retrospective cohort study, we compared cranioplasty patients from Taiwan with and without a preoperative brain midline shift. We assigned the patients to the following two groups: the midline shift group and the nonmidline shift group. The GCS score and MP contralateral to the lesion site were recorded and analyzed both prior to and 1 year after the operation.

Results

We enrolled 56 cranioplasty patients (35 patients with a midline shift and 21 without a midline shift) and analyzed their complete clinical characteristics. There were significant improvements in the GCS (p = 0.0078), arm MP (p = 0.0056), and leg MP (p = 0.0006) scores after cranioplasty. There was also a significant improvement in the GCS score in the brain midline shift group (0.4 ± 0.149 in the brain midline shift group vs. 0.05 ± 0.48 in the nonmidline shift group, p = 0.03).

Conclusion

For patients who underwent craniectomy, an improvement in neurological function 1 year after cranioplasty was observed. The patients with brain midline shift showed more improvement in consciousness after cranioplasty than those without a brain midline shift. The presence of a preoperative brain midline shift may be an isolated determinant for the prediction of the outcome after cranioplasty.

Keywords

brain midline shift
craniectomy
cranioplasty
neurological improvement

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